Techniques of
motivation
1. Financial
incentives: First techniques of motivation are financial incentives
as money is indicator of success. Therefore, it fulfills psychological safety
and status need as people satisfy their needs by money. Wages, salary motivates
employees to perform better.
2. Job
enlargement: Under this technique, task assigned to do job are
increased by adding simile task. So the scope of job enlargement is high
for the motivation of subordinates. It is also known as horizontally leading of
job.
3. Job
enrichment: Under this technique jobs are made challenging and
meaningful by increasing responsibility and growth opportunities. In such
technique of motivation, planning and control responsibility are added to the
job usually with less supervision and more self evaluation. It is also called
vertical leading.
4. Job
rotation: it refers to shifting an employee from one job to
another. Such job rotation doesn’t mean hanging of their job but only the
employees are rotated. By this it helps to develop the competency in several
jobs which helps in development of employees.
5. Participation
: Participation refers to involvement of employee in planning and
decision-making .it helps the employees feel that they are an asset of the
organization which helps in developing ideas to solve the problems.
6. Delegation
of authority:Delegation of authority is concerned with the granting of
authority to the subordinates which helps in developing a feeling of dedication
to work in an organization because it provides the employees high morale to
perform any task.
7. Quality
of work life:It is the relationship between employees’ and the total
working environment of organization. It integrates employee needs and
well-being with improves productivity, higher job satisfaction and great
employee involvement. It ensures higher level of satisfaction.
8. Management
by Objectives: It is used as a motivation and technique for
self-control of performance. By this technique supervisor and subordinates set
individual and organizational goals. Each individual’s responsibilities are
clearly defined which would help identify the skill sets one has to make the
best use of the same to meet organizational mission and vision. This also helps
the organization function effectively.
9. Behavior
modification:The last technique of motivation is behavior modification. It
develops positive motivation to the workers to do the work in desired behavior
in order to modify behavior.
Significance
of Motivation
Motivation is
one of the important parts of managerial functions. A manager becomes
unsuccessful if he fails to motivate his subordinates. It refers to a
willingness to do something in order to achieve organizational objectives and
goals. It is the reason for people’s actions, desires, and needs. The reasons
behind its significance are as follows:
1. Effective
Utilization of Human Resources
Manpower is
the main active factor of production and is responsible for the best
utilization of organizational resources. Motivation helps to utilize the human
resources effectively and efficiently towards the attainment of organizational
goals and objectives. Motivation is the main instrument which creates the
willingness among workers to do their work in the best possible way. Because
motivated people show a greater degree of job performance ability and skills.
2.
Effective Utilization of Other Resources
Along with
human resources, motivation promotes the effective mobilization of other
non-human resources. The development of self-responsibility among the workers
contributes to the best utilization of available resources like materials,
money, machines, and others. Motivated people can find better ways to do the
jobs thereby reducing the wastage and damages of resources. Hence, motivated
employees can utilize organizational resources effectively.
3.
Willingness to Work
Motivation is
a willingness to do a particular task in order to achieve organization’s goals
and objectives. This inspires, induces, and stimulates individual for a higher
level of performance. Through intrinsic and extrinsic factors people will be
motivated towards better performance. Hence, such motivational factor increases
willingness for work in them.
4.
Acceptance of Change
Motivation
makes employees ready for accepting change in organizational environment. It
means, motivation can be found in the present and future technology required
for production. Hence, it prepares people for adoring such change. On the other
hand, demotivated employees try to resist change.
5.
Public Image
Motivated
employee performs the task with utmost care and with a positive comment about
their organization; thereby resulting from less wastage and damages; as a
result of which they can build a strong public image in the society. If
employees are motivated, they work for the organization, which enhances the
quality output and productivity. This ultimately enhances a good public image.
6.
Co-operation between Employees
Motivated
employees are working friendly; so they coordinate with each other while
performing the tasks. They share their ideas, feelings, attitudes, and
experiences with each other. Hence, this brings the feeling of co-operation.
7.
Better Supervision
Motivated
employees are self-controlled and self-managed. They perform the tasks without
any reluctance; hence, the work performed by such motivated and committed
employee requires no supervision at all.
8.
Organizational Effectiveness
When the employees are motivated, they
perform organizational activities with an utmost care. They introduce creative
and innovative ideas in the workplace and accept organizational challenges
easily. Hence, the organizational effectiveness can be maintained.
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