Techniques of Directing

 

Techniques of Directing

In performing directing function, manager use different techniques:-

1.     Giving orders and instructions

2.     Follow-up orders and instructions

3.     Standardized practice and procedure

4.     Behavioral pattern

 

1.     Giving orders and instructions-

A superior directs his subordinate by giving orders and instructions to them about what work they should do, how to do, and when to do. In order to make given orders effective, the superior should take into consideration the following factors:

·        General or specific

·        Written or oral

·        Formal or informal

·        Timing

 

2.     Follow-up orders and instructions-

Once orders and instructions are issued, it is not necessary that these are carried out instantly or fully to the satisfaction of the superior. There may be 3 types of problem:

·        Subordinate might not have understood the order.

·        They may not have adequate organizational resource to carry out orders.

·        There may be contradictory order and instruction creating confusion and conflict among subordinates.

 

In order to overcome these problems,  the superior has to monitor whether the subordinates have carried out order and instructions properly. There should be proper follow-up of order and instructions.

3.     Standardized practice and procedure-

Superior may rely on various standardized organizational practices and procedures for getting things done. This happens in case of routine work which is performed under set procedures and fresh instructions are required whenever there is any change in that. Organization establish certain practices and procedures for work performance which work as guidelines for people in the organization.

4.     Behavioral pattern-

Superior provide direction to his subordinate by adopting a particular behavioural pattern. He may adopt one of 3 behavioural pattern:

·        Autocratic Pattern- In this, the superior gives orders and instructions in detail as he does not involve his subordinate in decision-making process. Therefore, there is a gap between decision maker and decision implementer. In order to make a decision fully understandable, the superior is required to provide detailed instructions.

·        Participative Pattern- In this, decision-making is a joint process between the superior and his subordinates. Therefore, they understand the decision and how it can be implemented. In this detailed order or instruction is not required.

·        Free-rein Pattern- It is just opposite of autocratic pattern, Subordinates are given authority to make decisions within the broad guidelines provided by the superior. In this, the superior does not give orders and instructions for doing specific work except the broad guidelines for arriving at decisions.