ORGANISING- Organising process , Types of organization- Formal organization AND Informal organization

 

ORGANISING

Concept-

Organising is the process of initiating plan implementation by clarifying jobs & working relationships among organizational members to achieve organizational objective.

Organising process has following steps:-

1.     Identification and division of work:-  It involves  identification of work considered to be necessary for implementing a plan thereby achieving desired objectives.  Since each work is quite broad in a large organization, it is divided into relevant activities. These activities may be further divided into sub-activities. Therefore Division of work enhances work efficiency.

2.     Departmentalisation:-It involves creating various departments, division and section by grouping similar activities together.

3.     Assigning duties:- It involves giving responsibility to various organizational position for performing the activities relevant to position. Based on this, job satisfaction for each position is prepared which shows the type of competence (education, experience, skills) which the position holder must posses along with this authority is delegated to each position.

4.     Creating Hierarchy :- Hierarchy is a system in which organizational members are ranked according to their relative status/authority . This creates superior- subordinate relationship among organizational members. Thus in an organization there is chain of superior-subordinate relationship in single chain of command because everyone is both superior and subordinate, except the person at the top and person at the bottom.

 

Types of organization

1. Formal organization:-

Formal organization is consciously and deliberately designed systems of well defined jobs, each bearing a definite authority, responsibility and accountability.

• It is designed by top management to fulfill certain requirements necessary activities to achieve organizational objective.

•It is based on principle of division of workers and efficiency in operation.

•It concentrates more on this performance of jobs.

• The authority and responsibility assigned to each job by the job holder's.

•Based on the degree of authority and responsibility people and placed in hierarchy.

•Coordination among members their control are well specified through organizational processes, produces, rules etc.

2. Informal organization:-

Informal organization or group is the pattern of social interaction of people at work which is not prescribed formally.

• It is natural outcome at the workout. It is not designed and planned.

• It is created on the basis of some similarity among it's members.

• Membership in an informal organization is voluntary.

• Behaviour of members of informal organization is coordinated and controlled by group norms and not by Norms of formal organization.